Boolean

A Boolean value is either true or false.
A Boolean expression produces a Boolean value (true or false) when evaluated.

Conditional ("if") statements

Affect the sequential flow of control by executing different statements based on the value of a Boolean expression.

<!-- Below is in CollegeBoard Pseudocode -->
IF (condition)
{
	<block of statements>
}

The code in <block of statements> is executed if the Boolean expression condition evaluates to true; no action is taken if condition evaluates to false.

IF (condition)
{
	<block of statements>
}
ELSE
{
	<second block of statements>
}

The code in the first <block of statements> is executed if the Boolean expression condition evaluates to true; otherwise, the code in <second block of statements> is executed.

Example: Calculate the sum of 2 numbers. If the sum is greater than 10, display 10; otherwise, display the sum.

num1 = INPUT
num2 = INPUT
sum = num1 + num2
IF (sum > 10)
{
	DISPLAY (10)
}
ELSE
{
	DISPLAY (sum)
}

Hack 1

Add a variable that represents an age.
Add an ‘if’ and ‘print’ function that says “You are an adult” if your age is greater than or equal to 18.
Make a function that prints “You are a minor” with the else function.

age = 21
# age = input("What is your age?") if want to prompt user for age

if age >= 18:
    print("You are an adult")
else:
    print("You are a minor")

You are an adult

Relational operators:

Used to test the relationship between 2 variables, expressions, or values. These relational operators are used for comparisons and they evaluate to a Boolean value (true or false).

Ex. a == b evaluates to true if a and b are equal, otherwise evaluates to false

a == b (equals)
a != b (not equal to)
a > b (greater than)
a < b (less than)
a >= b (greater than or equal to)
a <= b (less than or equal to)

Example: The legal age to work in California is 14 years old. How would we write a Boolean expression to check if someone is at least 14 years old?

age >= 14

Example: Write a Boolean expression to check if the average of height1, height2, and height3 is at least 65 inches.

(height1 + height2 + height3) / 3 >= 65

Hack 2

Make a variable called ‘is_raining’ and set it to ‘True”.
Make an if statement that prints “Bring an umbrella!” if it is true
Make an else statement that says “The weather is clear”.

isRaining = True
if isRaining:
    print("Bring an umbrella!")
else:
    print("The weather is clear")

The weather is clear

Logical operators:

Used to evaluate multiple conditions to produce a single Boolean value.

NOT evaluates to true if condition is false, otherwise evaluates to false
AND evaluates to true if both conditions are true, otherwise evaluates to false
OR evaluates to true if either condition is true or if both conditions are true, otherwise evaluates to false

Example: You win the game if you score at least 10 points and have 5 lives left or if you score at least 50 points and have more than 0 lives left. Write the Boolean expression for this scenario.

(score >= 10 AND lives == 5) OR (score == 50 AND lives > 0)

Relational and logical operators:

Example: These expressions are all different but will produce the same result.

age >= 16
age > 16 OR age == 16
NOT age < 16

Hack 3

Make a function to randomize numbers between 0 and 100 to be assigned to variables a and b using random.randint
Print the values of the variables
Print the relationship of the variables; a is more than, same as, or less than b

import random

a = random.randint(0,100)
b = random.randint(0,100)

print("Variable a is " + str(a))
print("Variable b is " + str(b))

if a > b:
    print("Variable a is greater than variable b")
elif a == b:
    print("Variable a is equal to variable b")
else:
    print("Variable a is less than variable b")

Variable a is 26
Variable b is 32
Variable a is less than variable b

Homework

Criteria for above 90%:

Add more questions relating to Boolean rather than only one per topic (ideas: expand on conditional statements, relational/logical operators)
Add a way to organize the user scores (possibly some kind of leaderboard, keep track of high score vs. current score, etc. Get creative!)
Remember to test your code to make sure it functions correctly.

# The quiz contains questions related to Boolean values, Boolean expressions,
# conditional statements, relational operators, and logical operators.

# Import necessary modules
import getpass  # Module to get the user's name
import sys  # Module to access system-related information

# Function to ask a question and get a response
def question_with_response(prompt):
    # Print the question
    print("Question: " + prompt)
    # Get user input as the response
    msg = input()
    return msg

# Define the number of questions and initialize the correct answers counter
questions = 5
correct = 0

# Personalized greeting message
# Collect the student's name
user_name = input("Enter your name: ")
print('Hello, ' + user_name + " running " + sys.executable)
print("You will be asked " + str(questions) + " questions.")
answer = input("Are you ready to take a test?")

# Question 1: Boolean Basics 
# Ask a question about Boolean values and check the response
# Provide feedback based on the correctness of the response
question1 = question_with_response("What is one value Booleans can take?")
if question1.lower() == "true" or question1 == "false":
    correct += 1
    print("You answered question 1 correctly!")
else:
    print("You did not answer question 1 correctly. The correct answer was either 'true' or 'false'.")


# Question 2: Boolean Expressions
# Ask a question about Boolean expressions and their importance in programming
# Provide feedback based on the correctness of the response
question2 = question_with_response("What is one Boolean expression?")
if question2 == ">" or question2 == "<" or question2 == "==" or question2 == "!=" or question2 == ">=" or question2 == "<=":
    correct += 1
    print("You answered question 2 correctly!")
else:
    print("You did not answer question 2 correctly. The correct answer was >, <, ==, !=, >=, or <=.")


# Question 3: Conditional Statements
# Ask a question about the purpose of conditional (if-else) statements in programming
# Provide feedback based on the correctness of the response
question3 = question_with_response("Fill in the blank. Conditional statements can run __________ (9 letters) code lines depending on different conditions or Boolean expressions.")
if question3.lower() == "different":
    correct += 1
    print("You answered question 3 correctly!")
else:
    print("You did not answer question 3 correctly. The correct answer was 'different'.")


# Question 4: Relational Operators
# Ask a question about common relational operators in programming and provide examples
# Provide feedback based on the correctness of the response
question4 = question_with_response("Variable a is equal to 10, and variable b is equal to 5. The code only contains 'if a _ b:' and has 'print('a is larger than b')' nested under it. If the console outputted 'a is larger than b', what should be in the blank?")
if question4 == ">":
    correct += 1
    print("You answered question 4 correctly!")
else:
    print("You did not answer question 4 correctly. The correct answer was >.")


# Question 5: Logical Operators
# Ask a question about the use of logical operators in programming and provide examples
# Provide feedback based on the correctness of the response
question5 = question_with_response("Fill in the blank if the output is True and there are no repeat answers. 10 > 5 ___ 5 < 10, 10 > 5 ___ 7 > 3, ___ -1 >6. Format your answer like ___, ___, ___.")
if question5.lower() == "or, and, not":
    correct += 1
    print("You answered question 5 correctly!")
else:
    print("You did not answer question 5 correctly. The correct answer was 'or, and, not'.")

# Question 6: If, elif, else
question6 = question_with_response("What are the two major conditional statements in python? What can be considered the combination of both of them? Hint, the first word is 2 letters and the second and third are 4 letters. Format your answer like __ ____, ____")
if question5.lower() == "if else, elif":
    correct += 1
    print("You answered question 6 correctly!")
else:
    print("You did not answer question 6 correctly. The correct answer was 'if else, elif'.")

# Calculate the percentage of correct answers
percentageCorrect = (correct / questions) * 100
if percentageCorrect >= 90:
    grade = "A"
elif percentageCorrect >= 80 and percentageCorrect < 90:
    grade = "B"
elif percentageCorrect >= 70 and percentageCorrect < 80:
    grade = "C"
elif percentageCorrect >= 60 and percentageCorrect < 70:
    grade = "D"
else:
    grade = "F"

# Display the final score and percentage
print(user_name + ", you scored " + str(correct) + "/" + str(questions) +"! This corresponds to an " + grade + "!")

Hello, test running /bin/python
You will be asked 5 questions.
Question: What is one value Booleans can take?
You answered question 1 correctly!
Question: What is one Boolean expression?
You answered question 2 correctly!
Question: Fill in the blank. Conditional statements can run __________ (9 letters) code lines depending on different conditions or Boolean expressions.
You answered question 3 correctly!
Question: Variable a is equal to 10, and variable b is equal to 5. The code only contains 'if a _ b:' and has 'print('a is larger than b')' nested under it. If the console outputted 'a is larger than b', what should be in the blank?
You answered question 4 correctly!
Question: Fill in the blank if the output is True and there are no repeat answers. 10 > 5 ___ 5 < 10, 10 > 5 ___ 7 > 3, ___ -1 >6. Format your answer like ___, ___, ___.
You did not answer question 5 correctly. The correct answer was 'or, and, not'.
Question: What are the two major conditional statements in python? What can be considered the combination of both of them? Hint, the first word is 2 letters and the second and third are 4 letters. Format your answer like __ ____, ____
You did not answer question 6 correctly. The correct answer was 'if else, elif'.
test, you scored 4/5! This corresponds to an B!

Boolean, If Lesson • 28 min read

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